The Fallible Study Bible

The Fallible · Synthetic · Study Bible

Genesis6:13–22

Preparing the Ark

Public-domain source — quoted & attributed AI synthesis — generated, verify

Genesis 6:13–22 — Preparing the Ark. Each verse below carries the full apparatus: the Berean Standard Bible, the vocalized original (tap any word), and a parsed breakdown of every term transcribed from the interlinear. Synthesized commentary, canonical threads, and the reading of Christ gather at the end, over the whole unit.

13

Then God said to Noah, “The end of all living creatures has come before Me, because through them the earth is full of violence. Now behold, I will destroy both them and the earth.

Berean Standard Bible · CC0

Hebrew — tap a word ↓

’ĕ·lō·hîm way·yō·mer lə·nō·aḥ qêṣ kāl- bā·śār bā lə·p̄ā·nay kî- mip·pə·nê·hem hā·’ā·reṣ mā·lə·’āh ḥā·mās wə·hin·nî maš·ḥî·ṯām ’eṯ- hā·’ā·reṣ

Word by word17 · parsed
אֱלֹהִ֜ים’ĕ·lō·hîmThen GodH430
√ ʼĕlôhîym — gods in the ordinary senseNounmasculine plural
וַיֹּ֨אמֶרway·yō·mersaidH559
√ ʼâmar — to say (used with great latitude)Conjunctive wawVerbQalConsecutive imperfectthird person masculine singular
way·yō·mer — the simple narrative “and he said”; the consecutive imperfect that drives the whole Flood account.
לְנֹ֗חַlə·nō·aḥto NoahH5146
√ Nôach — Noach, the patriarch of the floodPreposition-lNounpropermasculine singular
קֵ֤ץqêṣThe endH7093
√ qêts — an extremityNounmasculine singular construct
qêṣ, “the end,” stands in construct over “all flesh.” The Pulpit Commentary derives it from qâtsats, “to cut off”; here the end-as-destruction of a people, not the mere terminus of a span.
כָּל־kāl-of allH3605
√ kôl — properly, the wholeNounmasculine singular construct
בָּשָׂר֙bā·śārliving creaturesH1320
√ bâsâr — flesh (from its freshness)Nounmasculine singular
bāśār, “flesh,” is the unit’s recurring term for the whole living race (cf. v. 17, 19). Barnes warns against pressing “all flesh” to an inflexible literality — Noah is the standing exception.
בָּ֣אhas comeH935
√ bôwʼ — to go or come (in a wide variety of applications)VerbQalParticiplemasculine singular
לְפָנַ֔יlə·p̄ā·naybefore MeH6440
√ pânîym — the face (as the part that turns)Preposition-lNounmasculine plural constructfirst person common singular
lə·p̄ā·nay, “before my face.” Murphy: the ruin “is in the contemplation of my mind as an event soon to be realized” — and, the Pulpit adds, it had “thrust itself upon his notice,” not been sought by God.
כִּֽי־kî-becauseH3588
√ kîy — (by implication) very widely used as a relative conjunction or adverb (as below)Conjunction
מִפְּנֵיהֶ֑םmip·pə·nê·hemthrough themH6440
√ pânîym — the face (as the part that turns)Preposition-mNounmasculine plural constructthird person masculine plural
הָאָ֛רֶץhā·’ā·reṣthe earthH776
√ ʼerets — the earth (at large, or partitively a land)ArticleNounfeminine singular
מָלְאָ֥הmā·lə·’āhis full ofH4390
√ mâlêʼ — to fill or (intransitively) be full of, in a wide application (literally and figuratively)VerbQalPerfectthird person feminine singular
חָמָ֖סḥā·māsviolenceH2555
√ châmâç — violenceNounmasculine singular
ḥāmās, “violence” — lawless outrage between men. It is the named ground of judgment: the earth is not merely sinful but full (mālə·’āh) of it.
וְהִנְנִ֥יwə·hin·nîNow beholdH2005
√ hên — lo!Conjunctive wawInterjectionfirst person common singular
מַשְׁחִיתָ֖םmaš·ḥî·ṯāmI will destroy both themH7843
√ shâchath — to decay, iVerbHifilParticiplemasculine singular constructthird person masculine plural
mašḥîṯām — the Hifil “bring to ruin” of shâchath. Ellicott notes it is not the verb of v. 7 but the one rendered “had corrupted” in v. 12: the punishment is cut from the cloth of the crime.
אֶת־’eṯ-andH854
√ ʼêth — properly, nearness (used only as a preposition or an adverb), nearPreposition
הָאָֽרֶץ׃hā·’ā·reṣthe earthH776
√ ʼerets — the earth (at large, or partitively a land)ArticleNounfeminine singular
14

Make for yourself an ark of gopher wood; make rooms in the ark and coat it with pitch inside and out.

Berean Standard Bible · CC0

Hebrew — tap a word ↓

‘ă·śêh lə·ḵā tê·ḇaṯ ḡō·p̄er ‘ă·ṣê- ta·‘ă·śeh qin·nîm ’eṯ- hat·tê·ḇāh wə·ḵā·p̄ar·tā ’ō·ṯāh bak·kō·p̄er mib·ba·yiṯ ū·mi·ḥūṣ

Word by word14 · parsed
עֲשֵׂ֤ה‘ă·śêhMakeH6213
√ ʻâsâh — to do or make, in the broadest sense and widest applicationVerbQalImperativemasculine singular
‘ăśêh — Qal imperative “make.” The first of the unit’s building commands; God hands the means of salvation to human hands.
לְךָ֙lə·ḵāfor yourself
Prepositionsecond person masculine singular
lə·ḵā, “for yourself.” Gill: “make thou, or for thyself — for thy use and benefit, for the saving of thyself and family.”
תֵּבַ֣תtê·ḇaṯan arkH8392
√ têbâh — a boxNounfeminine singular construct
têḇaṯ, construct of têbâh. Cambridge: of foreign origin, possibly Egyptian or Assyrian; the LXX renders it κιβωτός. It is reserved for two rescues — Noah’s and Moses’.
גֹ֔פֶרḡō·p̄erof gopherH1613
√ gôpher — a kind of tree or wood (as used for building), apparently the cypressNounmasculine singular
gōp̄er — a true hapax legomenon. Keil ties it to kōpher (resin) and κυπάρισσος; it “belongs to the pre-Hebraic times.”
עֲצֵי־‘ă·ṣê-woodH6086
√ ʻêts — a tree (from its firmness)Nounmasculine plural construct
תַּֽעֲשֶׂ֣הta·‘ă·śehmakeH6213
√ ʻâsâh — to do or make, in the broadest sense and widest applicationVerbQalImperfectsecond person masculine singular
קִנִּ֖יםqin·nîmroomsH7064
√ qên — a nest (as fixed), sometimes including the nestlingsNounmasculine plural
qinnîm, “nests” (niduli, mansiunculae) — the cellular interior. The metaphor of a nest, a place of brooding shelter, is exact.
אֶת־’eṯ-inH853
√ ʼêth — properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)Preposition
הַתֵּבָ֑הhat·tê·ḇāhthe arkH8392
√ têbâh — a boxArticleNounfeminine singular
וְכָֽפַרְתָּ֥wə·ḵā·p̄ar·tāand coatH3722
√ kâphar — to cover (specifically with bitumen)Conjunctive wawVerbQalConjunctive perfectsecond person masculine singular
wə·ḵā·p̄ar·tā, “and you shall cover.” The Pulpit Commentary: the root “signifies also to pardon sin, i.e. to cover them from God's sight,” and yields kappōreṯ, the mercy-seat — ἱλαστήριον. The ark that floats above the wrath of God is itself a thing covered.
אֹתָ֛הּ’ō·ṯāhitH853
√ ʼêth — properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)Direct object markerthird person feminine singular
בַּכֹּֽפֶר׃bak·kō·p̄erwith pitchH3724
√ kôpher — properly, a cover, iPreposition-b, ArticleNounmasculine singular
bak·kō·p̄er, “with the covering/pitch” — bitumen. Cambridge notes the Assyrian flood-hero likewise “spread bitumen (kupru)” over his vessel; the word is nearly identical to gōp̄er.
מִבַּ֥יִתmib·ba·yiṯinsideH1004
√ bayith — a house (in the greatest variation of applications, especially family, etcPreposition-mNounmasculine singular
וּמִח֖וּץū·mi·ḥūṣand outH2351
√ chûwts — properly, separate by awall, iConjunctive waw, Preposition-mNounmasculine singular
15

And this is how you are to build it: The ark is to be 300 cubits long, 50 cubits wide, and 30 cubits high.

Berean Standard Bible · CC0

Hebrew — tap a word ↓

wə·zeh ’ă·šer ta·‘ă·śeh ’ō·ṯāh hat·tê·ḇāh šə·lōš mê·’ō·wṯ ’am·māh ’ō·reḵ ḥă·miš·šîm ’am·māh rā·ḥə·bāh ū·šə·lō·šîm ’am·māh qō·w·mā·ṯāh

Word by word15 · parsed
וְזֶ֕הwə·zehAnd thisH2088
√ zeh — the masculine demonstrative pronoun, this or thatConjunctive wawPronounmasculine singular
wə·zeh ’ăšer ta·‘ăśeh — “and this is how you shall make it.” Poole reads it as “this is the measure, or the manner” — exact specification, not suggestion.
אֲשֶׁ֥ר’ă·šeris howH834
√ ʼăsher — who, which, what, thatPronounrelative
תַּֽעֲשֶׂ֖הta·‘ă·śehyou are to buildH6213
√ ʻâsâh — to do or make, in the broadest sense and widest applicationVerbQalImperfectsecond person masculine singular
אֹתָ֑הּ’ō·ṯāhitH853
√ ʼêth — properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)Direct object markerthird person feminine singular
הַתֵּבָ֔הhat·tê·ḇāhThe arkH8392
√ têbâh — a boxArticleNounfeminine singular
שְׁלֹ֧שׁšə·lōš[is to be] 300H7969
√ shâlôwsh — threeNumberfeminine singular construct
šəlōš mê·’ōwṯ, “three hundred.” Across the centuries commentators dispute the cubit (common vs. sacred), but agree the proportions are seaworthy for floating, not sailing.
מֵא֣וֹתmê·’ō·wṯ. . .H3967
√ mêʼâh — a hundredNumberfeminine plural construct
אַמָּ֗ה’am·māhcubitsH520
√ ʼammâh — properly, a mother (iNounfeminine singular
’am·māh, “cubit” — “properly, a mother,” the standard forearm-measure. Keil: “after the elbow of a man” (Deuteronomy 3:11).
אֹ֚רֶךְ’ō·reḵlongH753
√ ʼôrek — lengthNounmasculine singular construct
חֲמִשִּׁ֤יםḥă·miš·šîm50H2572
√ chămishshîym — fiftyNumbercommon plural
אַמָּה֙’am·māhcubitsH520
√ ʼammâh — properly, a mother (iNounfeminine singular
רָחְבָּ֔הּrā·ḥə·bāhwideH7341
√ rôchab — width (literally or figuratively)Nounmasculine singular constructthird person feminine singular
וּשְׁלֹשִׁ֥יםū·šə·lō·šîmand 30H7970
√ shᵉlôwshîym — thirtyConjunctive wawNumbercommon plural
אַמָּ֖ה’am·māhcubitsH520
√ ʼammâh — properly, a mother (iNounfeminine singular
קוֹמָתָֽהּ׃qō·w·mā·ṯāhhighH6967
√ qôwmâh — heightNounfeminine singular constructthird person feminine singular
qō·w·mā·ṯāh, “its height.” Jamieson, Fausset & Brown compute, at a 21.888-inch cubit, 547 feet by 91 by 47 — “not a ship, but an immense house … designed not to sail, but only to float.”
16

You are to make a roof for the ark, finish its walls a cubit from the top, place a door in the side of the ark, and build lower, middle, and upper decks.

Berean Standard Bible · CC0

Hebrew — tap a word ↓

ta·‘ă·śeh ṣō·har lat·tê·ḇāh wə·’el- tə·ḵa·lɛn·nå̄h ’am·māh mil·ma‘·lāh tā·śîm ū·p̄e·ṯaḥ bə·ṣid·dāh hat·tê·ḇāh ta·‘ă·śe·hā taḥ·tî·yim šə·nî·yim ū·šə·li·šîm

Word by word15 · parsed
תַּֽעֲשֶׂ֣הta·‘ă·śehYou are to makeH6213
√ ʻâsâh — to do or make, in the broadest sense and widest applicationVerbQalImperfectsecond person masculine singular
צֹ֣הַר׀ṣō·hara roofH6672
√ tsôhar — a light (iNounfeminine singular
ṣōhar, “light.” Keil: “the meaning light for צהר is established by the word צהרים, ‘double-light’ or mid-day.” A space for light and air, not the dove-window of Gen 8:6.
לַתֵּבָ֗הlat·tê·ḇāhfor the arkH8392
√ têbâh — a boxPreposition-l, ArticleNounfeminine singular
וְאֶל־wə·’el-H413
√ ʼêl — near, with or amongConjunctive wawPreposition
תְּכַלֶ֣נָּהtə·ḵa·lɛn·nå̄hfinish [its walls]H3615
√ kâlâh — to end, whether intransitive (to cease, be finished, perish) or transitived (to complete, prepare, consume)VerbPielImperfectsecond person masculine singularthird person feminine singular
təḵalennāh, Piel “you shall finish it,” from kâlâh (to complete/consume) — the same root that elsewhere describes things brought to their end. Here the ark is brought to completion “to a cubit from above.”
אַמָּה֙’am·māha cubitH520
√ ʼammâh — properly, a mother (iNounfeminine singular
מִלְמַ֔עְלָהmil·ma‘·lāhfrom the topH4605
√ maʻal — properly, the upper part, used only adverbially with prefix upward, above, overhead, from the top, etcPreposition-m, Preposition-lAdverbthird person feminine singular
תָּשִׂ֑יםtā·śîmplaceH7760
√ sûwm — to put (used in a great variety of applications, literal, figurative, inferentially, and elliptically)VerbQalImperfectsecond person masculine singular
וּפֶ֥תַחū·p̄e·ṯaḥa doorH6607
√ pethach — an opening (literally), iConjunctive wawNounmasculine singular construct
peṯaḥ, “opening/door.” Gill makes it a type of Christ, “the door into the church, and to all the ordinances of it” (cf. John 10:9, an ancient reading not native to this verse).
בְּצִדָּ֣הּbə·ṣid·dāhin the sideH6654
√ tsad — a sidePreposition-bNounmasculine singular constructthird person feminine singular
הַתֵּבָ֖הhat·tê·ḇāhof the arkH8392
√ têbâh — a boxArticleNounfeminine singular
תַּֽעֲשֶֽׂהָ׃ta·‘ă·śe·hāand buildH6213
√ ʻâsâh — to do or make, in the broadest sense and widest applicationVerbQalImperfectsecond person masculine singularthird person feminine singular
תַּחְתִּיִּ֛םtaḥ·tî·yimlowerH8482
√ tachtîy — lowermostAdjectivemasculine plural
taḥtîyîm, “lower [ones].” Gill compares the three stories to the threefold divisions of tabernacle and temple — a typological reading, his own, not demanded by the text.
שְׁנִיִּ֥םšə·nî·yimmiddleH8145
√ shênîy — properly, double, iNumberordinal masculine plural
וּשְׁלִשִׁ֖יםū·šə·li·šîmand upper {decks}H7992
√ shᵉlîyshîy — thirdConjunctive wawNumberordinal masculine plural
17

And behold, I will bring floodwaters upon the earth to destroy every creature under the heavens that has the breath of life. Everything on the earth will perish.

Berean Standard Bible · CC0

Hebrew — tap a word ↓

wa·’ă·nî hin·nî mê·ḇî ’eṯ- ham·mab·būl ma·yim ‘al- hā·’ā·reṣ lə·ša·ḥêṯ kāl- bā·śār mit·ta·ḥaṯ haš·šā·mā·yim ’ă·šer- bōw rū·aḥ ḥay·yîm kōl ’ă·šer- bā·’ā·reṣ yiḡ·wā‘

Word by word21 · parsed
וַאֲנִ֗יwa·’ă·nîAndH589
√ ʼănîy — IConjunctive wawPronounfirst person common singular
הִנְנִי֩hin·nîbeholdH2009
√ hinnêh — lo!Interjectionfirst person common singular
hin·nî, “behold me” — the interjection with first-person suffix; the participle mêḇî that follows marks certain, imminent action. Gill: “I am bringing … just about to do it.”
מֵבִ֨יאmê·ḇîI will bringH935
√ bôwʼ — to go or come (in a wide variety of applications)VerbHifilParticiplemasculine singular
אֶת־’eṯ-H853
√ ʼêth — properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)Direct object marker
הַמַּבּ֥וּלham·mab·būlfloodwatersH3999
√ mabbûwl — a delugeArticleNounmasculine singular
ham·mab·būl, “the flood.” Keil and Ellicott alike: “an archaic word, coined expressly for the waters of Noah,” used elsewhere only in Psalm 29:10.
מַ֙יִם֙ma·yim. . .H4325
√ mayim — waterNounmasculine plural
ma·yim, “waters,” stands in apposition to mabbûl — “the flood, waters upon the earth.” The strange old word is glossed at once by the plain one.
עַל־‘al-uponH5921
√ ʻal — above, over, upon, or against (yet always in this last relation with a downward aspect) in a great variety of applicationsPreposition
הָאָ֔רֶץhā·’ā·reṣthe earthH776
√ ʼerets — the earth (at large, or partitively a land)ArticleNounfeminine singular
לְשַׁחֵ֣תlə·ša·ḥêṯto destroyH7843
√ shâchath — to decay, iPreposition-lVerbPielInfinitive construct
lə·ša·ḥêṯ, “to destroy.” The lex talionis of v. 13 made explicit as purpose: the corrupters are un-made.
כָּל־kāl-everyH3605
√ kôl — properly, the wholeNounmasculine singular construct
בָּשָׂ֗רbā·śārcreatureH1320
√ bâsâr — flesh (from its freshness)Nounmasculine singular
מִתַּ֖חַתmit·ta·ḥaṯunderH8478
√ tachath — the bottom (as depressed)Preposition-m
הַשָּׁמָ֑יִםhaš·šā·mā·yimthe heavensH8064
√ shâmayim — the sky (as aloftArticleNounmasculine plural
אֲשֶׁר־’ă·šer-that hasH834
√ ʼăsher — who, which, what, thatPronounrelative
בּוֹ֙bōw
Prepositionthird person masculine singular
ר֣וּחַrū·aḥthe breathH7307
√ rûwach — windNouncommon singular construct
rûaḥ, “breath / spirit.” Cambridge notes it differs from the nišmaṯ of Genesis 2:7; here it is the life-spirit shared by man and beast.
חַיִּ֔יםḥay·yîmof lifeH2416
√ chay — aliveNounmasculine plural
כֹּ֥לkōlEverythingH3605
√ kôl — properly, the wholeNounmasculine singular
אֲשֶׁר־’ă·šer-H834
√ ʼăsher — who, which, what, thatPronounrelative
בָּאָ֖רֶץbā·’ā·reṣon the earthH776
√ ʼerets — the earth (at large, or partitively a land)Preposition-b, ArticleNounfeminine singular
יִגְוָֽע׃yiḡ·wā‘will perishH1478
√ gâvaʻ — to breathe out, iVerbQalImperfectthird person masculine singular
yiḡwā‘, “shall expire” — the breathing-out of life, a deliberate counterpoint to rûaḥ ḥayyîm.
18

But I will establish My covenant with you, and you will enter the ark—you and your sons and your wife and your sons’ wives with you.

Berean Standard Bible · CC0

Hebrew — tap a word ↓

wa·hă·qi·mō·ṯî ’eṯ- bə·rî·ṯî ’it·tāḵ ū·ḇā·ṯā ’el- hat·tê·ḇāh ’at·tāh ū·ḇā·ne·ḵā wə·’iš·tə·ḵā ḇā·ne·ḵā ū·nə·šê- ’it·tāḵ

Word by word13 · parsed
וַהֲקִמֹתִ֥יwa·hă·qi·mō·ṯîBut I will establishH6965
√ qûwm — to rise (in various applications, literal, figurative, intensive and causative)Conjunctive wawVerbHifilConjunctive perfectfirst person common singular
wa·hă·qi·mō·ṯî, “I will raise up/establish,” Hifil of qûm. Keil cross-refers to Genesis 15:18; the technical sense is the solemn ratifying of a binding pledge.
אֶת־’eṯ-H853
√ ʼêth — properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)Direct object marker
בְּרִיתִ֖יbə·rî·ṯîMy covenantH1285
√ bᵉrîyth — a compact (because made by passing between pieces of flesh)Nounfeminine singular constructfirst person common singular
bərîṯî, “my covenant.” Cambridge: “the first mention of a covenant relation between God and man,” the word (LXX διαθήκη) that runs through to the Lord’s Supper (Matthew 26:28). Barnes reads “my” as pointing back to a primeval covenant with Adam — his inference, not the text’s claim.
אִתָּ֑ךְ’it·tāḵwith youH854
√ ʼêth — properly, nearness (used only as a preposition or an adverb), nearPrepositionsecond person masculine singular
וּבָאתָ֙ū·ḇā·ṯāand you {will} enterH935
√ bôwʼ — to go or come (in a wide variety of applications)Conjunctive wawVerbQalConjunctive perfectsecond person masculine singular
ū·ḇā·ṯā, “and you shall come in.” Salvation is by entering the covered vessel; Gill: the covenant “would begin more clearly to be established … Noah on the one hand obedient … God giving him leave to enter.”
אֶל־’el-. . .H413
√ ʼêl — near, with or amongPreposition
הַתֵּבָ֔הhat·tê·ḇāhthe arkH8392
√ têbâh — a boxArticleNounfeminine singular
אַתָּ֕ה’at·tāhyouH859
√ ʼattâh — thou and thee, or (plural) ye and youPronounsecond person masculine singular
וּבָנֶ֛יךָū·ḇā·ne·ḵāand your sonsH1121
√ bên — a son (as a builder of the family name), in the widest sense (of literal and figurative relationship, including grandson, subject, nation, quality or condition, etcConjunctive wawNounmasculine plural constructsecond person masculine singular
ū·ḇā·ne·ḵā, “and your sons.” The eight souls (1 Peter 3:20) — Noah’s household drawn into the covenant with him. Barnes: “Noah's household share in the covenant.”
וְאִשְׁתְּךָ֥wə·’iš·tə·ḵāand your wifeH802
√ ʼishshâh — a womanConjunctive wawNounfeminine singular constructsecond person masculine singular
בָנֶ֖יךָḇā·ne·ḵāand your sons’H1121
√ bên — a son (as a builder of the family name), in the widest sense (of literal and figurative relationship, including grandson, subject, nation, quality or condition, etcNounmasculine plural constructsecond person masculine singular
וּנְשֵֽׁי־ū·nə·šê-wivesH802
√ ʼishshâh — a womanConjunctive wawNounfeminine plural construct
אִתָּֽךְ׃’it·tāḵwith youH854
√ ʼêth — properly, nearness (used only as a preposition or an adverb), nearPrepositionsecond person masculine singular
19

And you are to bring two of every living creature into the ark—male and female—to keep them alive with you.

Berean Standard Bible · CC0

Hebrew — tap a word ↓

ū·mik·kāl- tā·ḇî šə·na·yim mik·kōl hā·ḥay mik·kāl bā·śār ’el- hat·tê·ḇāh zā·ḵār ū·nə·qê·ḇāh yih·yū lə·ha·ḥă·yōṯ ’it·tāḵ

Word by word14 · parsed
וּמִכָּל־ū·mik·kāl-AndH3605
√ kôl — properly, the wholeConjunctive waw, Preposition-mNounmasculine singular construct
תָּבִ֥יאtā·ḇîyou are to bringH935
√ bôwʼ — to go or come (in a wide variety of applications)VerbHifilImperfectsecond person masculine singular
tā·ḇî, Hifil “you shall bring in” — Noah’s active part; in v. 20 the creatures “come” (yā·ḇō·’ū) of their own accord. Human duty and divine impulse meet.
שְׁנַ֧יִםšə·na·yimtwoH8147
√ shᵉnayim — twoNumbermd
מִכֹּ֛לmik·kōlof everyH3605
√ kôl — properly, the wholePreposition-mNounmasculine singular
הָ֠חַיhā·ḥaylivingH2416
√ chay — aliveArticleAdjectivemasculine singular
hā·ḥay, “the living.” The unit’s pulse-word — life preserved against the flood that ends “all flesh.”
מִֽכָּל־mik·kālH3605
√ kôl — properly, the wholePreposition-mNounmasculine singular construct
בָּשָׂ֞רbā·śārcreatureH1320
√ bâsâr — flesh (from its freshness)Nounmasculine singular
אֶל־’el-intoH413
√ ʼêl — near, with or amongPreposition
הַתֵּבָ֖הhat·tê·ḇāhthe arkH8392
√ têbâh — a boxArticleNounfeminine singular
זָכָ֥רzā·ḵārmaleH2145
√ zâkâr — properly, remembered, iNounmasculine singular
zāḵār, “male.” Cambridge: “‘Male and female,’ as in Genesis 1:27.” The preservation is ordered to propagation, the renewal of the species.
וּנְקֵבָ֖הū·nə·qê·ḇāhand femaleH5347
√ nᵉqêbâh — female (from the sexual form)Conjunctive wawNounfeminine singular
יִֽהְיֽוּ׃yih·yūH1961
√ hâyâh — to exist, iVerbQalImperfectthird person masculine plural
לְהַחֲיֹ֣תlə·ha·ḥă·yōṯto keep [them] aliveH2421
√ châyâh — to live, whether literally or figurativelyPreposition-lVerbHifilInfinitive construct
lə·ha·ḥăyōṯ, “to keep alive.” The purpose-clause names the ark’s mercy: not hoarding but conserving life through judgment.
אִתָּ֑ךְ’it·tāḵwith youH854
√ ʼêth — properly, nearness (used only as a preposition or an adverb), nearPrepositionsecond person masculine singular
20

Two of every kind of bird and animal and crawling creature will come to you to be kept alive.

Berean Standard Bible · CC0

Hebrew — tap a word ↓

šə·na·yim mik·kōl ū·min- mê·hā·‘ō·wp̄ lə·mî·nê·hū hab·bə·hê·māh lə·mî·nāh mik·kōl re·meś hā·’ă·ḏā·māh lə·mî·nê·hū yā·ḇō·’ū ’ê·le·ḵā lə·ha·ḥă·yō·wṯ

Word by word14 · parsed
שְׁנַ֧יִםšə·na·yimTwoH8147
√ shᵉnayim — twoNumbermd
מִכֹּ֛לmik·kōlof every kindH3605
√ kôl — properly, the wholePreposition-mNounmasculine singular
וּמִן־ū·min-ofH4480
√ min — properly, a part ofConjunctive wawPreposition
ū·min-, “and of” — the partitive that governs the catalogue: from each order, a representative pair.
מֵהָע֣וֹףmê·hā·‘ō·wp̄birdH5775
√ ʻôwph — a bird (as covered with feathers, or rather as covering with wings), often collectivelyPreposition-m, ArticleNounmasculine singular
mê·hā·‘ōwp̄, “of the bird.” Cambridge: the order — fowl, cattle, creeping things — “follows the order of the account of the Creation in chap. 1.” The ark is creation in miniature, gathered for re-launch.
לְמִינֵ֗הוּlə·mî·nê·hūH4327
√ mîyn — a sort, iPreposition-lNounmasculine singular constructthird person masculine singular
הַבְּהֵמָה֙hab·bə·hê·māhand animalH929
√ bᵉhêmâh — properly, a dumb beastArticleNounfeminine singular
hab·bə·hê·māh, “the cattle / beast” — domestic animals; Cambridge notes the wild “beast of the earth” of Genesis 1:24 is conspicuously absent from this list.
לְמִינָ֔הּlə·mî·nāhH4327
√ mîyn — a sort, iPreposition-lNounmasculine singular constructthird person feminine singular
מִכֹּ֛לmik·kōl[and]H3605
√ kôl — properly, the wholePreposition-mNounmasculine singular construct
רֶ֥מֶשׂre·meścrawling creatureH7431
√ remes — a reptile or any other rapidly moving animalNounmasculine singular construct
הָֽאֲדָמָ֖הhā·’ă·ḏā·māh. . .H127
√ ʼădâmâh — soil (from its general redness)ArticleNounfeminine singular
לְמִינֵ֑הוּlə·mî·nê·hūH4327
√ mîyn — a sort, iPreposition-lNounmasculine singular constructthird person masculine singular
יָבֹ֥אוּyā·ḇō·’ūwill comeH935
√ bôwʼ — to go or come (in a wide variety of applications)VerbQalImperfectthird person masculine plural
yāḇō·’ū, “they shall come.” Poole: “They shall come unto thee of their own accord, by my impulse.” The gathering is providence, not hunting.
אֵלֶ֖יךָ’ê·le·ḵāto youH413
√ ʼêl — near, with or amongPrepositionsecond person masculine singular
לְהַֽחֲיֽוֹת׃lə·ha·ḥă·yō·wṯto be kept aliveH2421
√ châyâh — to live, whether literally or figurativelyPreposition-lVerbHifilInfinitive construct
21

You are also to take for yourself every kind of food that is eaten and gather it as food for yourselves and for the animals.”

Berean Standard Bible · CC0

Hebrew — tap a word ↓

wə·’at·tāh qaḥ- lə·ḵā mik·kāl ma·’ă·ḵāl ’ă·šer yê·’ā·ḵêl wə·’ā·sap̄·tā wə·hā·yāh lə·’āḵ·lāh ’ê·le·ḵā lə·ḵā wə·lā·hem

Word by word13 · parsed
וְאַתָּ֣הwə·’at·tāhYou are alsoH859
√ ʼattâh — thou and thee, or (plural) ye and youConjunctive wawPronounsecond person masculine singular
קַח־qaḥ-to takeH3947
√ lâqach — to take (in the widest variety of applications)VerbQalImperativemasculine singular
qaḥ, “take” — Qal imperative of lâqach. The fourth command in a chain of obedience; even the larder is by divine order.
לְךָ֗lə·ḵāfor yourself
Prepositionsecond person masculine singular
מִכָּל־mik·kālevery kindH3605
√ kôl — properly, the wholePreposition-mNounmasculine singular construct
מַֽאֲכָל֙ma·’ă·ḵālof foodH3978
√ maʼăkâl — an eatable (includNounmasculine singular
ma·’ăḵāl, “food” — “an eatable.” Cambridge takes it as “vegetables, cereals, and fruit” (cf. Genesis 1:29), the antediluvian diet of man and beast alike.
אֲשֶׁ֣ר’ă·šerthatH834
√ ʼăsher — who, which, what, thatPronounrelative
יֵֽאָכֵ֔לyê·’ā·ḵêlis eatenH398
√ ʼâkal — to eat (literally or figuratively)VerbNifalImperfectthird person masculine singular
וְאָסַפְתָּ֖wə·’ā·sap̄·tāand gather [it]H622
√ ʼâçaph — to gather for any purposeConjunctive wawVerbQalConjunctive perfectsecond person masculine singular
wə·’ā·sap̄·tā, “and you shall gather.” The Pulpit: “collecting sufficient for a twelvemonth's sustenance.” Faith provisions for the full term of judgment.
וְהָיָ֥הwə·hā·yāhH1961
√ hâyâh — to exist, iConjunctive wawVerbQalConjunctive perfectthird person masculine singular
לְאָכְלָֽה׃lə·’āḵ·lāhas foodH402
√ ʼoklâh — foodPreposition-lNounfeminine singular
lə·’āḵ·lāh, “for food” — the creation-word for the food-grant, here renewed inside the vessel of rescue.
אֵלֶ֑יךָ’ê·le·ḵāfor yourselvesH413
√ ʼêl — near, with or amongPrepositionsecond person masculine singular
לְךָ֛lə·ḵā[and] for
Prepositionsecond person masculine singular
וְלָהֶ֖םwə·lā·hem[the animals]
Conjunctive wawPrepositionthird person masculine plural
22

So Noah did everything precisely as God had commanded him.

Berean Standard Bible · CC0

Hebrew — tap a word ↓

nō·aḥ way·ya·‘aś kə·ḵōl ’ă·šer kên ‘ā·śāh ’ĕ·lō·hîm ṣiw·wāh ’ō·ṯōw

Word by word9 · parsed
נֹ֑חַnō·aḥSo NoahH5146
√ Nôach — Noach, the patriarch of the floodNounpropermasculine singular
וַיַּ֖עַשׂway·ya·‘aśdidH6213
√ ʻâsâh — to do or make, in the broadest sense and widest applicationConjunctive wawVerbQalConsecutive imperfectthird person masculine singular
way·ya·‘aś, “and he did.” Cambridge marks this as a signature formula of the Priestly writer (cf. Exodus 7:6; 39:32, 43; 40:16) — the refrain of exact compliance.
כְּ֠כֹלkə·ḵōleverythingH3605
√ kôl — properly, the wholePrepositionNounmasculine singular
kə·ḵōl, “according to all.” The totality of obedience; nothing of the command falls to the ground.
אֲשֶׁ֨ר’ă·šerH834
√ ʼăsher — who, which, what, thatPronounrelative
כֵּ֥ןkênprecisely asH3651
√ kên — properly, set uprightAdverb
עָשָֽׂה׃ס‘ā·śāh. . .H6213
√ ʻâsâh — to do or make, in the broadest sense and widest applicationVerbQalPerfectthird person masculine singular
‘ā·śāh, “he did” — the closing verb, repeating the opening. Benson and Poole both send the reader to Hebrews 11:7: this quiet sentence is the act Scripture later names as heroic faith.
אֱלֹהִ֖ים’ĕ·lō·hîmGodH430
√ ʼĕlôhîym — gods in the ordinary senseNounmasculine plural
צִוָּ֥הṣiw·wāhhad commandedH6680
√ tsâvâh — (intensively) to constitute, enjoinVerbPielPerfectthird person masculine singular
ṣiw·wāh, “commanded,” Piel of tsâvâh. Keil simply: “Thus did Noah, according to all that God commanded him … Cf. Hebrews 11:7.”
אֹת֛וֹ’ō·ṯōwhimH853
√ ʼêth — properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)Direct object markerthird person masculine singular

The verse-by-verse work is done. What follows gathers the whole unit. All three layers below are machine-generated (⚙). Weigh them; they have no authority.

Grand Commentary — the unit, read whole

synthesis · verify

AI synthesis — woven from the public-domain voices above and the original text; generated and fallible.

i. The end announced — and the verb that judges — 6:13, 17

The unit opens with a sentence of doom whose force lives in a single Hebrew verb. “I will destroy them” (v. 13) and “to destroy all flesh” (v. 17) both render shâchath — the very word translated “corrupt” two verses earlier (6:12). Keil & Delitzsch name the principle exactly: “Because all flesh had destroyed its way, it should be destroyed with the earth by God. The lex talionis is obvious here.” Ellicott and Barnes see the same thing from the English side — Barnes: “the words ‘corrupt’ and ‘destroy’ are the same in the original.” The judgment is not arbitrary; it is the corruption rebounding on its authors. The ground is named once and named plainly: the earth is “full of ḥāmās” (v. 12, echoed in v. 13), violence — and Jamieson, Fausset & Brown stress how invisible this verdict was to the world it fell on: “There was no outward indication of it. The course of nature and experience seemed against the probability of its occurrence.”

ii. The box that is not a ship — 6:14–16

Three of the unit’s most freighted words are old and rare. The vessel is a têbâh (v. 14) — not a ship but a chest; Ellicott: “a word so archaic that scholars neither know its derivation, nor even to what language it belongs.” Cambridge records its one other home in all Scripture: “only found in this passage and in Exodus 2:3–5” — the basket that floats the infant Moses. Two deliverances, one word. The timber is gōp̄er, a hapax (Keil: “gopher belongs to the pre-Hebraic times”). And the waterproofing carries a buried theology: the verb is kâphar, “to cover,” which the Pulpit Commentary traces to its other use — “to pardon sin, i.e. to cover them from God's sight … to make expiation,” the root of kappōreṯ, the mercy-seat. The ark that bears Noah above the wrath of God is, etymologically, a thing covered. Its dimensions are not cubic but proportioned; Cambridge notes the breadth is one-sixth and the height one-tenth of the length — “In the Assyrian account we miss these proportions.” The light-opening of v. 16 is ṣōhar, “brightness,” which Keil grounds in ṣohorayim, “mid-day.” A box, then — but a measured, lighted, covered one.

iii. The first covenant, and a creation re-stocked — 6:18–21

Into the announcement of universal death drops the Bible’s first bᵉrîṯ. Matthew Henry: “This is the first place in the Bible where the word ‘covenant’ is found.” Cambridge traces its line forward: “this relationship of covenant (διαθήκη) which is renewed by our Lord and ratified at the institution of the Lord’s Supper, Matthew 26:28.” The verb is qûm in the Hifil — God will raise it up and make it stand. What follows is creation in miniature: the animals come “after their kind” (the refrain of Genesis 1), and Cambridge observes the catalogue “follows the order of the account of the Creation in chap. 1.” In v. 19 Noah is to bring them (Hifil); in v. 20 they come of their own accord (Qal) — and the Pulpit Commentary relays Augustine’s epigram for the difference: “Non hominis actu, sed Dei nutu,” not by man’s act but by God’s nod. Even the food (v. 21) is the food-grant of Eden renewed (Cambridge: “Cf. Genesis 1:29”). Judgment and new-creation are folded into the same ark.

iv. So he did — 6:22

The unit closes on five Hebrew words that frame obedience as an answer in kind: Noah ‘āśāh (“did”) all that God ṣiwwāh (“commanded”) — Noah’s “make” mirroring God’s “make” (v. 14). The Geneva Study Bible: “he obeyed God's commandment in all points without adding or taking away.” It reads as a flat report, but the tradition hears thunder under it — Benson, Poole, and Keil all send the reader to Hebrews 11:7, where this sentence becomes the named act of saving faith. Poole pictures the cost: Noah “was all that while the song of the drunkards, and the sport of the wits of that age.” The man built the ridiculous box anyway, “so did he.”

Read under Sola Scriptura — this tool’s own fallible reading (⚙)

Salvation is by a door God opens, into a vessel God covers. Read whole, under Sola Scriptura, the passage refuses to let the ark be merely engineering. The very verb for its waterproofing is the atonement-verb kâphar (v. 14) — to cover, to expiate — and the structure has exactly one way in, a single peṯaḥ in the side (v. 16), which Genesis 7:16 says the LORD Himself shut. The text gives no second entrance and no self-rescue. Yet salvation is not passive: God commands and Noah makes, comes in, takes, gathers — four imperatives obeyed (vv. 14, 18, 21) — and Scripture later calls that obedience faith (Hebrews 11:7). So the unit holds two truths without strain: the covenant is raised up by God alone (v. 18, the Hifil of qûm), and it is entered by a man who built when the sky was clear. This is the Berean shape of things — God’s word announced, believed, and acted on against the “course of nature and experience.” The ancient reading of the ark as a figure of Christ (Matthew Henry, Gill) is a figural application to be tested against the New Testament, not a claim the Hebrew makes on its own; held as such, it is illuminating, not load-bearing here.

The ark is a box God commands a man to build, and then a covering God Himself shuts him inside — judgment outrun by obedience, not by escape. (A reading to be weighed — not Scripture.)

Canonical Threads — out to the whole of Scripture

cross-refs · verify

AI-generated connections. Each carries a verification badge with a recorded basis; contested links are flagged.

Corrupt / destroy — one verb, two directions (lex talionis) structural / thematic — confirmed

The earth “corrupted” itself (6:11–12, shâchath), so God will “destroy” it (6:13, 17, the same shâchath). The Verifier confirms the shared root across these verses; Barnes, Ellicott, Keil, and the Pulpit all read it as deliberate retributive wordplay. The corruption is not punished by an unrelated penalty — it is unmade by its own name.

Genesis 6:11 · Genesis 6:12 · Genesis 6:13 · Genesis 6:17

basis: Hebrew↔Hebrew shared lexeme H7843 shâchath (in 135 vv), recurring as ‘corrupt’ (6:11–12) and ‘destroy’ (6:13, 17); same root, deliberate talionic reuse — verbal echo, not a quotation, so tiered structural.

The têbâh — a chest for two deliverances structural / thematic — confirmed

The word for the ark, têbâh (H8392), is rare — the Verifier finds it in only 25 verses across the whole Hebrew Bible — and apart from the Flood narrative it occurs only in Exodus 2:3–5, the basket that saves the infant Moses. The same uncommon noun frames both rescues: a vulnerable life sealed inside, drawn safe through deadly water. Cambridge and Ellicott both flag the singularity of the term.

Genesis 6:14 · Genesis 6:18 · Genesis 7:7 · Exodus 2:3

basis: Hebrew↔Hebrew shared rare lexeme H8392 têbâh (in only 25 vv, all in Gen 6–9 + Exod 2:3–5); a pointed verbal link by a near-hapax noun, but a shared object/motif rather than a quotation — tiered structural, not verbal.

The mabbûl — a word coined for one flood verbal / quotation — confirmed

“The flood” of 6:17 is mabbûl (H3999), an archaic term that, as Ellicott, Cambridge, and Keil all note, is used of nothing but Noah’s deluge — its only other occurrence in Scripture is Psalm 29:10, “The LORD sits enthroned over the flood.” The link is lexical and singular: one word reserved for one event, reappearing once to set the LORD above it.

Genesis 6:17 · Psalm 29:10

basis: Hebrew↔Hebrew shared rare lexeme H3999 mabbûl, which occurs ONLY in the Flood narrative and Psalm 29:10 (a near-hapax); the extreme rarity of the term makes the verbal link confirmable. Provenance per Ellicott/Cambridge/Keil, not the Verifier’s candidate list.

Noah and the ark, carried into the Flood structural / thematic — confirmed

The Verifier’s top candidates are the verses of Genesis 7 where Noah (Nôach, H5146) and the ark (têbâh, H8392) recur together as the waters rise — 7:1, 7:7, 7:9, 7:13, 7:23. These are the narrative continuation: the command to build (our unit) executed when the flood comes. Shared proper noun plus the rare vessel-word bind the build to the boarding.

Genesis 7:1 · Genesis 7:7 · Genesis 7:13 · Genesis 7:23

basis: Hebrew↔Hebrew shared lexemes H5146 Nôach (in 39 vv) + H8392 têbâh (in 25 vv) per Verifier thread_candidates; recurring named subject and object across the same narrative — structural continuity, no quotation claim.

Noah's obedience named as faith (Hebrews 11:7) typological

Genesis 6:22 — “Noah did … so he did” — is the act the New Testament singles out: “By faith Noah, being warned of God of things not seen as yet, moved with fear, prepared an ark to the saving of his house” (Hebrews 11:7). Benson, Poole, and Keil each anchor v. 22 to this verse. Because this is a cross-Testament link (Greek↔Hebrew), it cannot rest on a shared Strong's number; it is a thematic/typological reading of the same event, not a verbal quotation of the Hebrew.

Genesis 6:22 · Hebrews 11:7

basis: Cross-Testament (Greek NT ↔ Hebrew OT): no shared Strong's possible, so not ‘verbal’. Hebrews 11:7 reads Noah’s ark-building as the exemplary act of faith — a widely-held figural reading of the same event; attestation ancient (named by Benson, Poole, Keil).

Christ in the Unittypology · verify

AI-generated reading; weigh it against the text.

Christ the true Noah, the ark already prepared ancient/widely-held

Matthew Henry, on 6:22: “Christ, the true Noah, which same shall comfort us, hath by his sufferings already prepared the ark, and kindly invites us by faith to enter in.” Gill develops the same figure: the ark is “a type of the church of God,” and the single door a figure of Christ, “the door into the church.” The vessel’s one entrance, shut by the LORD’s own hand (Genesis 7:16), reads in the tradition as the one way of salvation, entered by faith.

Genesis 6:14 · Genesis 6:16 · Genesis 6:22

The covering (kâphar) and the covenant raised up novel

The waterproofing of the ark (6:14) is the verb kâphar — the atonement-word; the Pulpit Commentary traces it to “make expiation for sin … to obtain covering,” the root of the mercy-seat (kappōreṯ, ἱλαστήριον, Romans 3:25). And the covenant of 6:18 is the first bᵉrîṯ in Scripture, the line Cambridge runs forward to the cup of the new covenant in Christ’s blood (Matthew 26:28; Hebrews 9:16–17, cited by Ellicott). The ark that is covered and the covenant that is raised up together prefigure a salvation secured by atoning blood and a standing covenant. This particular synthesis of the two threads is the tool’s own reading, offered to be tested.

Genesis 6:14 · Genesis 6:18

Apparatus & Provenance

The biblical text is the Berean Standard Bible (BSB), public domain (CC0). Hebrew/Greek text, transliteration, morphology and Strong’s are transcribed from the Berean interlinear (CC0) + Strong’s lexicons (PD); the literal renderings, divergence notes, word notes and all synthesis are this tool’s own work (⚙) — fallible; verify them.

Named voices, quoted verbatim from public-domain works:

  • Albert Barnes, Notes on the Bible (1834)
  • Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges, (1880s)
  • Charles Ellicott, Commentary for English Readers (1878)
  • Geneva Study Bible, Marginal Notes (1599)
  • Jamieson, Fausset & Brown, Commentary Critical and Explanatory (1871)
  • John Gill, Exposition of the Entire Bible (1746–63)
  • Joseph Benson, Commentary on the Old and New Testaments (1810s)
  • Keil & Delitzsch, Biblical Commentary on the Old Testament (1860s)
  • Matthew Henry, Concise Commentary on the Whole Bible (1706)
  • Matthew Poole, Annotations upon the Holy Bible (1685)
  • The Pulpit Commentary, Spence & Exell, eds. (1880s)

This unit is entirely Hebrew, so the Verifier’s computed bases are all Hebrew↔Hebrew shared-Strong's links and are tiered structural unless the shared lexeme is genuinely rare. Two words drive the strongest threads: têbâh (H8392, only ~25 verses, confined to Gen 6–9 and Exod 2:3–5) and mabbûl (H3999, only the Flood narrative + Psalm 29:10). The mabbûl→Psalm 29:10 link is tiered ‘verbal — confirmed’ on the strength of the word’s near-hapax rarity, attested by Ellicott, Cambridge, and Keil; it did not appear in the Verifier’s candidate list (which is keyed to this unit’s lexemes), so its provenance rests on those named commentators, not on a machine-computed shared number. The Hebrews 11:7 thread is cross-Testament and therefore cannot use a shared Strong's number; it is tiered typological, not verbal. Several voices (Gill, Henry) carry figural readings — the ark as church, the door as Christ — which are marked as figural application in the notes, not as the plain sense of the Hebrew. No Joshua 1:5 material is present in this unit, so the mandatory Joshua 1:5 → Hebrews 13:5 flag does not apply here. Where commentators disagree (e.g. whether qêṣ in 6:13 means ‘destruction’ or ‘consummation/fullness’, and whether the deluge was universal or local), the synthesis reports the dispute rather than resolving it, and the parses above follow the Berean/Strong's data and are not contradicted.

= human, public-domain source, quoted and named. = machine synthesis, to be verified. Flagged cross-references are left visible on purpose — the verifier working in the open. “Search the Scriptures daily, whether those things were so.” (Acts 17:11)