16
So Joshua took this entire region: the hill country, all the Negev, all the land of Goshen, the western foothills, the Arabah, and the mountains of Israel and their foothills,
Berean Standard Bible · CC0
Hebrew — tap a word ↓
yə·hō·wō·šu·a‘ ’eṯ- way·yiq·qaḥ haz·zōṯ kāl- hā·’ā·reṣ hā·hār wə·’eṯ- kāl- han·ne·ḡeḇ wə·’êṯ kāl- ’e·reṣ hag·gō·šen wə·’eṯ- haš·šə·p̄ê·lāh wə·’eṯ- hā·‘ă·rā·ḇāh wə·’eṯ- har yiś·rā·’êl ū·šə·p̄ê·lā·ṯōh
Word by word22 · parsed
√ Yᵉhôwshûwaʻ — Jehoshua (iNounpropermasculine singular
Joshua (H3091) heads the verse, the grammatical subject of the whole sweep — the narrative keeps his name in the agent slot even where the LORD is the true cause (cf. v. 20).
√ ʼêth — properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)Direct object marker
√ lâqach — to take (in the widest variety of applications)Conjunctive wawVerbQalConsecutive imperfectthird person masculine singular
wayyiqqaḥ, “he took” — a Qal consecutive imperfect of the most ordinary verb of taking; the conquest is summed not in a verb of slaughter but of acquisition.
√ zôʼth — this (often used adverb)ArticlePronounfeminine singular
√ kôl — properly, the wholeNounmasculine singular construct
√ ʼerets — the earth (at large, or partitively a land)ArticleNounfeminine singular
hā’āreṣ, “the land” — the same noun that frames the Abrahamic promise (Gen 12:7). The chapter’s climax is that this whole land is now in Israel’s hand.
√ har — a mountain or range of hills (sometimes used figuratively)ArticleNounmasculine singular
hā-hār, “the hill-country,” opens a sevenfold geographic catalogue (so Cambridge and the Pulpit Commentary count it) sweeping south-to-north across all Canaan.
√ ʼêth — properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)Conjunctive wawDirect object marker
√ kôl — properly, the wholeNounmasculine singular construct
√ negeb — the south (from its drought)ArticleNounproperfeminine singular
han-negeḇ, the Negev — literally “the dry / south country” (so named, JFB notes, “from its drought”).
√ ʼêth — properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)Conjunctive wawDirect object marker
√ kôl — properly, the wholeNounmasculine singular construct
√ ʼerets — the earth (at large, or partitively a land)Nounfeminine singular construct
√ Gôshen — Goshen, the residence of the Israelites in EgyptArticleNounproperfeminine singular
√ ʼêth — properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)Conjunctive wawDirect object marker
√ shᵉphêlâh — Lowland, iArticleNounfeminine singular
haš-Šəphēlāh, the Lowland — a fixed region name; Gill notes Jerome found it still called “Sephela” in his own day.
√ ʼêth — properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)Conjunctive wawDirect object marker
√ ʻărâbâh — a desertArticleNounfeminine singular
√ ʼêth — properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)Conjunctive wawDirect object marker
√ har — a mountain or range of hills (sometimes used figuratively)Nounmasculine singular construct
har Yiśrā’ēl, “the hill-country of Israel,” set in deliberate contrast to “the hill-country of Judah” in v. 21 — a distinction commentators read as a window onto the book’s early date.
√ Yisrâʼêl — Jisrael, a symbolical name of JacobNounpropermasculine singular
√ shᵉphêlâh — Lowland, iConjunctive wawNounfeminine singular constructthird person masculine singular